Lichens and vegetation complexes of Mt. Tioul-Shaman (Khabarovsky Territory, Russia)
Lidia S. YAKOVCHENKO1, Alexander V. ERMOSHKIN2
1 Botanical Garden-Institute FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia
2 Institute of Water and Ecological Problems FEB RAS, Khabarovsk, Russia
The lichen diversity and vegetation complexes of the Tioul-Shaman Mt. (1181 m
a.s.l.) were studied. The mountain belongs to the foothills of North Sikhote-Alin
Mts. Adjacent to the Amur River channel. Lichens from this mountain were not
previously studied. Within the study area we found high taxonomic (205 species).
This is related to highly variable substrates and habitats. The lichen biota of
the forest belt is essentially boreal with some East-Asian characteristics such as
several species of Nephromopsis, Cetrelia, Lobaria,
Myelochroa, etc. The presence of amphi-oceanic taxa as Pseudocyphellaria
crocata, Sticta limbata and Fuscopannaria ahlneri reflects
the location of the study area within the zone of Pacific influence. In relic mountain
oak forests as well as in mixed floodplain forests, we detected the most frequent
occurrence of East-Asian nemoral taxa. The lichen biota of cliffs is rather diverse
being associated with a lengthy history of substrate development. We found 3 new species
for the southern Far East – Calvitimela aglaea, Lecanora intricata and
Umbilicaria proboscidea, 2 new species for the Far East – Fuscidea asyndeta
and Lecanora achariana. The lichen biota of krummholz Betula ermanii
forest is of interest due to several rare taxa of crustose species such as Pertusaria
carneopallida, Biatora sphaeroidiza, B. subduplex and
Caloplaca pyracea. The latter three species were collected for the first time in this
area. Pycnora leucococca has a Eurasian-American, rather broadly distributed
in boreal zone, but was found in southern Far East the first time. In addition,
Lecanora subintricata and Rinodina olivaceobrunnea are also new species for
the southern Far East, together with Lecanora saligna for the Far East. Thus, the
lichen biota of the Tioul-Shaman Mt. is of manifold interest for biodiversity. As well
as being rich in nemoral species, there are 7 lichen species which are included
in the Red Book. The results of this study clearly indicate that the area should be
recommended as a protected nature reserve in order to conserve these valuable
lichen habitats.
© 2012 Organizing Committee
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