Aswathi Pokkadath, Reshmi Chembrammal & John Ernest Thoppil. Chromosomal instability and abnormal mitochondrial activity induced by two synthetic food colorants

Research paper

Botanica Pacifica. A journal of plant science and conservation 2022. 11(2):95-101
Article first published online: 18 JUL 2022 | DOI: 10.17581/bp.2022.11205

Chromosomal instability and abnormal mitochondrial activity induced by two synthetic food colorants

Aswathi Pokkadath , Reshmi Chembrammal & John Ernest Thoppil

Cell and Molecular Biology Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Malappuram, Kerala, India

The artificial colorants act as a potent cytotoxic agent at the consumer level, whose analysis is inevitable. The investigation is mainly focused to analyze the toxicity of two commonly used synthetic food colorants (Brilliant blue and Fast green) with the help of Allium cepa root tip assay. The frequency of aberrations and the concentrations of both the colorants were found to be positively correlated in the chromosome studies. The integrity of the cell membranes, which is a potent parameter to detect cellular damage was detected using Evan’s blue staining. 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) method was also adopted to determine the damaging effects of the synthetic molecules on the mitochondrial oxidative properties in the root tip cells. Both food colorants showed prominent membrane damage and mitochondrial activity reduction in the test material.

Искусственные красители действуют как мощный цитотоксический агент на уровне потребителя. Исследование в основном направлено на анализ токсичности двух широко используемых синтетических пищевых красителей (Brilliant blue и Fast green) с помощью анализа кончика корня Allium cepa. Было установлено, что частота аберраций и концентрация обоих красителей положительно коррелируют при исследовании хромосом. Целостность клеточных мембран, которая является информативным параметром для выявления клеточных повреждений, была обнаружена с помощью окрашивания синим Эвана. Метод 2,3,5-трифенилтетразолия хлорида (TTC) был также использован для определения повреждающего действия синтетических молекул на окислительные свойства митохондрий в клетках кончика корня. Оба пищевых красителя показали значительное повреждение мембран и снижение митохондриальной активности в исследуемом материале.

Keywords: chromosomal abnormality, membrane damage, metabolic inhibition, food colorants, brilliant blue, fast green, хромосомные аномалии, повреждение мембран, ингибирова- ние метаболизма, пищевые красители, блестящий синий, быстрый зеленый

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