Botanica Pacifica. A journal of plant science and conservation 2021. 10(2):69-82
Article first published online: 12 OCT 2021 | DOI: 10.17581/bp.2021.10202
Lichens: traditional use and biological activities
Ruchira R. Sutar1,2
,
Subhash B. Gaikwad1,2 &
Sachin V. Mapari1 &
Bhaskar C. Behera1 1 Aghakar Research Institute, Pune, India
2 Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India
Lichens are a stable symbiotic association between photobiont (algae and/or cyanobacteria) and mycobiont (fungi). They are utilized in traditional medicine for ages and documented in various pharmacopeia throughout the world. India is having a rich diversity of lichen species represented by about 2400 species. The tribal inhabitant around forests and other difficult terrains acquired unique knowledge about the use of much wide flora and fauna. Most of these are either lesser known or unknown to the outside world. The treasure of traditional knowledge if subjected to scientific scrutiny could benefit humankind in many ways. They produce unique secondary metabolites through various metabolic pathways and are known to exhibit a wide array of bioactivities. We have reviewed the literature for traditional knowledge of the lichen species and biological activities reported to study its inter-relationship. It was observed that that still a major percentage of lichens have remained unexplored. These lichens may have immense potential; and if analysed could be used in pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmetic industries, and many more.
Сутар Р.Р., Гайквад С.Б., Мапари С.В., Бехера Б.С. Лишайники: традиционное использование и биологическая активность. Лишайники представляют собой устойчивую симбиотическую ассоциацию между фотобионтами (водорослями и/или цианобактериями) и микобионтами (грибами). Они используются в традиционной медицине на протяжении веков и задокументированы в различных фармакопеях по всему миру. Индия обладает богатым разнообразием видов лишайников, представленных примерно 2400 видами. Жители племен, населяющих леса и другие труднодоступные местности, приобрели уникальные знания об использовании представителей флоры и фауны. Большая часть этих знаний либо менее известна, либо неизвестна в современном мире. Сокровища традиционных знаний, если их подвергнуть научному анализу, могла бы принести человечеству пользу во многих отношениях. Лишайники производят уникальные вторичные метаболиты посредством различных метаболических путей и, как известно, проявляют широкий спектр биологической активности. Мы рассмотрели литературу по традиционным знаниям о видах лишайников и их биологической продукции. Было отмечено, что до сих пор значительная доля лишайников остается неисследованной. Лишайники могут обладать огромным потенциалом; и если бы анализ был проведен, его можно было бы использовать в фармацевтической, нутрицевтической, косметической промышленности и многих других отраслях.
Keywords: lichen, biodiversity, bioprospection, secondary metabolites, ethnolichenology, лишайник, биоразнообразие, биопроспекция, вторичные метаболиты, этнолихенология
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