Robin Maruta & Alexei A. Oskolski. Wood and bark anatomy of South African Picrodendraceae with systematic and ecological implications

Research papers

Botanica Pacifica. A journal of plant science and conservation 2021. 10(2):35-46
Article first published online: 01 NOV 2021 | DOI: 10.17581/bp.2021.10209

Wood and bark anatomy of South African Picrodendraceae with systematic and ecological implications

Robin Maruta ¹ & Alexei A. Oskolski ^1,2

¹ Department of Botany and Biotechnology, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
² Komarov Botanical Institute, Saint Petersburg, Russia

Wood and bark structure of Androstachys johnsonii and Hyaenanche globosa (Picrodendraceae) is described. Two species share simple perforation plates, minute to small intervessel pits, and nonseptate fibres; these traits also reported in other Picrodendraceae. Androstachys is distinctive in having scanty paratracheal axial parenchyma and uniseriate rays with vessel-ray pits restricted to marginal cells. Bordered pits on fibre walls is an ancestral condition for the African Picrodendraceae. High vessel frequency and vessel grouping in Androstachys can be adaptive for semi-arid climate with wet summer. Both genera share the subepidermal phellogen initiation and the presence of thick-walled fibers and sclereids in secondary phloem. In Hyaenanche, the bark is dilated by stretching and divisions of parenchyma cells with formation of pseudocortex. Androstachys shows no ray dilatation, but sclerification of its parenchyma can make substantial contribution in bark expansion. Abundant trichomes on epidermis of young shoots of Androstachys are presumably involved in the water uptake from mists.

Марута Р., Оскольский А.А. Анатомия древесины и коры южноафриканских представителей Picrodendraceae в связи с их систематикой и экологией. Исследовано анатомическое строение древесины и коры Androstachys johnsonii и Hyaenanche globosa (Picrodendraceae). Обы вида имеют простые перфорационные пластинки, мелкие межсосудистые поры и несептированными волокна, характерные и для многих других Picrodendraceae. Androstachys отличается от Hyaenanche и большинства других представителей семейства скудной паратрахеальной аксиальной паренхимой и однорядными лучами, которые контактируют с сосудами через поры, имеющиеся лишь на краевых рядах клеток. Последний признак впервые указан для Picrodendraceae. По-видимому, высокая частота и сгруппированность просветов сосудов у Androstachys могут быть адаптивны для полуаридного климата с влажным летом. Что касается строения коры, то оба рода сходны по субэпидермальному заложению феллогена и по наличию толстостенных волокон и склереид во вторичной флоэме. Дилатация коры у Hyaenanche существляется путём растяжения и делений паренхимных клеток с образованием псевдокортекса. У Androstachys нет лучевой дилатации, однако склерификация паренхимы вносит существенный вклад в увеличение периметра коры. По-видимому, обильное опушение на эпидермисе молодых побегов Androstachys участвует в улавливании воды из тумана.

Keywords: Androstachys, Hyaenanche, Malpighiales, secondary phloem, bordered pits, vessel- ray pits, pseudocortex, sclereids, phloem fibres, trichomes, dilatation, вторичная флоэма, окаймленные поры, поры между сосудами и лучами, псевдокортекс, склереиды, лубяные волокна, трихомы, дилатация

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