Botanica Pacifica

Research paper

Botanica Pacifica. A journal of plant science and conservation 2020.9(2):13-35
Article first published online: 21 AUG 2020 | DOI: 10.17581/bp.2020.09209

Temporal climate and vegetation gradient of the Paleocene in the Amur Region (Far East of Russia)

Olesya V. Bondarenko1, Torsten Utescher2,3, Nadezhda I. Blokhina1, Tatiyana A. Evstigneeva1 & Tatiyana V. Kezina4

1 Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia
2 Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum, Frankfurt M., Germany
3 Steinmann Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
4 Amur State University, Blagoveshchensk, Russia

Paleocene climate and vegetation evolution in the Amur Region (Far East of Russia) are quantitatively studied for the first time in detail, based on a palaeobotanical record. Palaeobotanical data for this time interval were obtained from a total of 25 palynofloras from Core 154 drilled in the Erkovetskii Brown Coal Field. In this first integrative study we apply the Coexistence Approach (CA) for quantification of palaeoclimate, the Plant Functional Types (PFT) approach and Integrated Plant Record (IPR) vegetation analysis for quantification of palaeovegetation. Our investigation documents the persistence of warm to cool temperate, overall humid climate conditions throughout the Paleocene. The reconstructed temperature records indicate relatively cool conditions for the early Paleocene part of the succession near the K-T boundary combined with distinctly seasonal conditions. The late Paleocene samples reveal a distinct warming trend and a tendency to more equal climate conditions that can be correlated with declining oxygen isotope values observed in marine archives. Our climate data indicate a relatively strong seasonality in precipitation suggesting the existence of a proto-monsoon in the Amur Region during the Paleocene. Vegetation data as reconstructed are in good agreement with the climate evolution. Based on PFT diversity spectra, our data indicate the prevalence of mixed evergreen-deciduous forests of warm temperate character. Based on the IPR method, plant biomes varied from the mixed mesophytic forest / mixed broadleaved evergreen forest ecotone in the warmer parts to the broadleaved deciduous forest / mixed mesophytic forest ecotone in the cooler parts of the studied sedimentary succession.

Бондаренко О.В., Утешер Т., Блохина Н.И., Евстигнеева Т.А., Кезина Т.В. Временной градиент климата и растительности Амурской области (Дальний Восток России) в палеоцене. Эволюция климата и растительности Амурской области (Дальний Восток России) в палеоцене впервые детально количественно изучена на основе палеоботанических данных. Палеоботанические данные для этого временного интервала были получены на основе анализа 25 палинофлор из керна 154, пробуренного в Ерковецком буроугoльном месторождении. В этом первом комплексном исследовании мы применяем метод Coexistence Approach (CA) для количественной оценки палеоклимата, Plant Functional Types (PFT) подход и Integrated Plant Record (IPR) анализ – для количественной оценки палеорастительности. Наше исследование документирует сохранение тёплых до прохладно умеренных, влажных климатических условий в течение всего палеоцена. Реконструированные температурные параметры указывают на относительно прохладные условия для раннего палеоценового участка сукцессии вблизи мел – палеогеновой границы в сочетании с отчётливо сезонными условиями. В поздних палеоценовых образцах прослеживается отчётливая тенденция потепления и тенденция к более ровным климатическим условиям, которые могут быть связаны с уменьшением значений изотопов кислорода, наблюдаемых в морских отложениях. Наши климатические данные указывают на относительно сильно выраженную сезонность осадков, предполагающую существование прото-муссона в Амурской области в палеоцене. Реконструированные данные о растительности хорошо согласуются с эволюцией климата. Наши данные спектров разнообразия PFT указывают на распространение смешанных вечнозелёных лиственных лесов теплоумеренного характера. На основе данных метода IPR, биомы растений варьировали от экотона между смешанным мезофитным /смешанным широколиственным вечнозелёным лесом в более тёплых частях до экотона между широколиственным листопадным /смешанным мезофитным лесом в более холодных частях изученной осадочной сукцессии.

Keywords: temperature evolution, precipitation pattern, monsoon intensity, structure of plant assemblages, vegetation type, динамика температуры, характер осадков, интенсивность муссона, структура растительных сообществ, тип растительности

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