Botanica Pacifica. A journal of plant science and conservation Preprint
Article first published online: 31 OCT 2015 | DOI: 10.17581/bp.2015.04219
Historical Distribution of Metasequoia Referenced to Paleoclimate Factors
Yi Zhang 1, 2 & Jia-Jia Wang 1, 2
1 College of Paleontology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China
2 Laboratory for Evolution of Past Life in Northeast Asia, Ministry of Land and Resources, China, Shenyang 110034, China
Metasequoia Miki 1941 was a prominent element of vegetation distributed in the high latitudes of Northern Hemisphere from the late Early Cretaceous to Miocene. However, at present this genus survived only in some mountain areas of Hubei, Hunan and Chongqing of China as a relict genus. Although the distribution of Metasequoia through geologic time have been studied in detail, the relationship between its distribution and paleoclimates remained unclear. In this paper, the potential migratory routes of Metasequoia are explained on the basis of the its fossil records plotted in the paleoclimate maps. It can be concluded that: 1) the Warm Temperate climate favored to the diffusion of Metasequoia, while the Arid climate curbs its migration; 2) with the global temperature decreased markedly since Pliocene, Metasequoia was forced to migrate to the south, and survived only in South China, under the Warm Temperate climate support.
Жан Й., Ван Ж.Ж. Историческое распространение Metasequoia по отношению к палеоклиматическим факторам. Metasequoia Miki 1941 была весьма значимым элементом растительного покрова, распространенным в высоких широтах Северного полушария с конца раннего мела до миоцена. Тем не менее, представители этого рода в настоящее время сохранились только в некоторых горных районах провинций Хубэй, Хунань и Чунцин в Китае как реликтовые растения. Хотя распространение Metasequoia в геологическом времени было детально изучено в предыдущих исследованиях, отношения между распространением рода и факторами палеоклимата оставались не ясными. В данной статье потенциальные миграционные маршруты Metasequoia прояснаются путем наложения местоположения найденных фоссилий Metasequoia на разработанные палеоклиматические карты. Полученные результаты позволяют сделать следующие выводы: 1) теплоумеренный климат благоприятствовал распространению Metasequoia, в то время как засушливый климат сдерживал миграции рода; 2) по мере понижения глобальных температур в плиоцене Metasequoia мигрировала на юг и выжила в настоящее время только в Южном Китае, в условиях теплоумеренного климата.
Keywords: Metasequoia, distribution, paleoclimate factors, распространение, палеоклиматические факторы
References
Boucot A.J, Chen X., Scotese C.R. & Morley R.J. 2013. Phanerozoic Plaeoclimate: an atlas of lithologic indicators of climate. Society for Sedimentary Geology, Oklahoma, 478 pp.
Fan Y. & Zhou M. 2011. Atlas of the World. China Map Publishing House, Beijing, 397 pp. (in Chinese).
Farjon A. 2010. A Handbook of the World's Conifers. Brill Leidon, Boston, 1111 pp. CrossRef
Gadek P.A., Alpers D.L., Heslewood M.M. & Quinn C.J. 2000. Relationships within Cupressaceae sensu lato: a combined morphological and molecular approach. American Journal of Botany 87:1044–1057. CrossRef
Group S.R. & Group K.Q.R. 1970. Discovery of Metasequoia flora from the Quaternary system in Sayama Hills. Journal of the Geological Society of Japan 76: 315–316. CrossRef
Ithihara M. 1987. Paleoclimatic record obtained from Pliocene and Quaternary deposits around Osaka Basin, Japan. In: International Union for Quaternary Research, XIIth International Congress, pp. 192.
Krassilov V., Kodrul M.T. & Maslova P.N. 2009. Plant systematics and differentiations of specious over trans-Beringian land connections including a new recognized cupressaceous conifer Ditaxocladus Guo & Sun. Bulletin of Geosciences 85(1):1–16.
LePage B.A., Yang H. & Matsumoto M. 2005. The evolution and biogeographic history of Metasequoia. In: The geobiology and ecology of Metasequoia (B.A. LePage, W.J. Christopher & H. Yang, eds.), pp. 3–114, Springer, The Netherlands. CrossRef
Liu Y.J., Li C.S. & Wang Y.F. 1996. Review on genus Metasequoia. Chinese Bulletin of Botany 13(3):15–22 (in Chinese with English abstract).
Liu Y.J., Arens N.C. & Li C.S. 2007. Range change in Metasequoia: relationship to palaeoclimate. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 154:115–127. CrossRef
Mizuno I. 1980. Discovery of Metasequoia flora from Mizuwakare in the eastern part of Uwajima city, Ehime prefecture, Japan. Journal of the Geological Society of Japan 86:353–355. CrossRef
Otsuka H. 1996. Geologic structure, fossils and correlation of the Kuchinotsu Group. Journal of the Geological Society of Japan 72:491–501 (in Japanese with English abstract). CrossRef
Otsuka H. & Nishiinoue T. 1980. Quaternary geology of the coastal area north of Kagoshima Bay, South Kyushu, Japan. Reports of the Faculty of Science, Kagoshima University 13:35–76.
Peel M.C., Finlayson B.L. & Mcmahon T.A. 2007. Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classi_cation. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 2007, 4(2): 439–473. CrossRef
Qi G.F., Yang J.J. & Su J.Z. 1993. Two ancient woods excavated from Wuhan City. Acta Botanica Sinica 35:724–726.
Ray N. & Adams J. 2001. A GIS-based vegetation map of the world at the Last Glacial Maximum (25,000-15,000 BP). Internet Archaeology 11:1–44.
Salzmann U., Williams M., Haywood A.M., Johnson A.L.A., Kender S. & Zalasiewicz J. 2011. The climate and environment of a Pliocene warm world. Paleogeography, Palaeoclimatology Palaeoceology 309(1–2): 1–8. CrossRef
Scotese C.R. 1986. Phanerozoic reconstructions: A New look at the assembly of Asia. University of Texas Institute of Geophysics, Technical Report 66: 1–54.
Scotese C.R. & Golonka J. 1992. Paleogeographic atlas, PALEOMAP, Progress Report 20-0692. Department of Geology, University of Texas at Arlington, 34 pp.
Scotese C.R. & Sager W. 1988. Mesozoic and Cenozoic plate tectonic reconstructions. Tectonophysics 155: 1–399. CrossRef
Sun G., Akhmetiev M., Markevich V., Ashraf A.R., Bugdaeva E., Godefroit P., Bolotsky Yu., Dong Z.M., Golovneva L., Yang H.X., Sun C.L., Sun Y.W., Quan C., Kodrul T., Kezina T., Johnson K., Nishida H., Dilcher D.L., Harding I. & Chen Y.J. 2011. Late Cretaceous biota and the Cretaceous–Paleogene (K–Pg) boundary in Jiayin of Heilongjiang, China. Global Geology 14(3):115–143.
Takemura K. 1984. The Pliocene–Pleistocene Tokai group in Inabe area, Mie prefecture, central Japan, with special reference to the relationship between lithostratigraphy and tephrostratigraphy. Journal of the Geological Society of Japan 90:799–813. CrossRef
Tao J.R. & Sun X.J. 1980. The Cretaceous floras of Lindian Xian, Heilongjiang province. Acta Botanica Sinica 22(1):75–79.
Tao J.R. 1992. The Tertiary vegetation and flora and floristic regions in China. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica. 30(1): 25–43. (in Chinese with English abstract).
Yamasaki H., Yoshikawa S., Konomatsu M. & Mitsuya N. 1996. Geological age of the Shiratsuchidani member within the Takashima formation of the Plio-Pleistocene Kobiwako group in Shiga prefecture, central Japan. Journal of the Geological Society of Japan 102:303–311. CrossRef
Yu Y.F. 1995. Origin, evolution, and distribution of the Taxodiaceae. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 33(4):362–389. (in Chinese with English abstract).
Wang L. & Leng Q. 2011. A new method to prepare clean cuticular membrane from fossil leaves with thin and fragile cuticles. Science China – Earth Sciences 54(2):223–227. CrossRef
Zhang Y., Wang J., Liu L.J. & Li N. 2010. Protophyllocladoxylon jingyuanense sp. nov. – a gymnospermous wood of the Serpukhovian (Late Mississippian) from Gansu, Northwest China. Acta Geologica Sinica 84(2):257–268. CrossRef
Zhang Y., Zheng S.L. & Naugolnykh S.V. 2012. A new species of Lepidopteris discovered from the Upper Permian of China with its stratigraphic and biologic implications. Chinese Science Bulletin 57(27): 3603–3609. CrossRef
|
|