Botanica Pacifica. A journal of plant science and conservation Preprint
Article first published online: 20 OCT 2015 | DOI: 10.17581/bp.2015.04211
Bisaccate Pollen of Probable Gnetalean Species and Pollen Diversity in Gnetophytes
Maria V. Tekleva
A.A. Borissiak Palaeontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117997, Russia
The exine ultrastructure of Dinophyton spinosum (Upper Triassic, USA), Preflosella nathania, and Alisporites alimentosus (Lower Cretaceous, Russia) has been studied. Pollen grains were extracted from reproductive organs of Dinophyton spinosum and Preflosella nathania; pollen grains of Alisporites alimentosus are from the guts of a fossil insect. Dinophyton and Preflosella are attributed to gnetophytes, Alisporites alimentosus pollen grains were supposed to be produced by Preflosella plant.The infratectum is alveolate in the three species; however, the alveola pattern and thickness of the layers are condiserably different. Therefore, Alisporites alimentosus and Preflosella nathania are not closely related. Bisaccate alveolate pollen grains are distinct from other known pollen types of gnetophytes (non-saccate, granular or columella-like). Gnetophytes share certain pollen types with other plant groups; their comparison and possible transitions between gnetalean pollen types are discussed.
Теклева М.В. Двумешковый морфотип возможных гнетовых и разнообразие пыльцевых зерен гнетофитов. Изучена ультраструктура экзины Dinophyton spinosum (верхний триас, США), Preflosella nathania и Alisporites alimentosus (нижний мел, Россия). Пыльцевые зерна Dinophyton spinosum и Preflosella nathania были извлечены из соответствующих репродуктивных органов; пыльцевые зерна Alisporites alimentosus извлечены из отпечатка желудка ископаемого насекомого. Dinophyton и Preflosella относят к гнетофитам. Предполагалось, что пыльцевые зерна Alisporites alimentosus продуцировались Preflosella. Эти три вида характеризуются ячеистым инфратектумом, однако характер ячеистости и толщина слоев значительно различаются у этих видов. Таким образом, показано, что пыльцевые зерна Alisporites alimentosus не могли продуцироваться Preflosella nathania. Двумешковые ячеистые пыльцевые зерна Dinophyton и Preflosella отличаются от остальных известных пыльцевых типов гнетофитов (безмешковые, с гранулярным или столбиковидным инфратектумом). Пыльцевые типы гнетофитов встречаются также в других группах растений; рассмотрены сравнение и возможные переходы между пыльцевыми типами гнетофитов.
Keywords: Dinophyton, Preflosella, Alisporites, gnetophytes, exine ultrastructure, гнетофиты, ультраструктура экзины
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