Botanica Pacifica

Research paper

Botanica Pacifica. A journal of plant science and conservation 2014. 3(1): 3-19.
Article first published online: 30 APR 2014 | DOI: 10.17581/bp.2014.03101

Phylogenetic Analysis of the Far Eastern Salix (Salicaceae) Based on Sequence Data from Chloroplast DNA Regions and ITS of Nuclear Ribosomal DNA

Vyacheslav Y. Barkalov & Marina M. Kozyrenko
Institute of Biology & Soil Science FEB RAS, Vladivostok 690022 Russia

In order to further elucidate the relationships in the Salix genus, phylogenetic analysis was conducted based on comparison of the nucleotide sequences of the chloroplast DNA regions (petG-trnP, petN-psbM, psaA-ycf3, psbM-trnD, rpoB-trnC, trnC-petN, trnD-trnT, trnS-psbZ, rbcL, matK) and the ITS region (ITS1-5.8S rRNA-ITS2) of nuclear ribosomal DNA of 86 Salix species from three subgenera: Salix, Chamaetia, Vetrix, 27 sections and Chosenia arbutifolia. The previously recognized genera Chosenia and Toisusu merged with Salix. The divergence of species in the Salix genus (according to ITS and cpDNA data) was very low. In most species from Chamaetia and Vetrix subgenera, the sequences differed by several substitutions or were identical. Molecular differences were identified mainly in species belonging to the subgenus Salix in its previous broad meaning. ITS-phylogeny generally agrees with the most-recent infrageneric classification of Salix: the isolation of subgenera Pleuradenia, Chosenia, Salix (for exception sect. Triandrae), Longifoliae has been well supported, but the isolation of subgenera Protitea and Chamaetia is not supported. Relationships between the subgenera Chamaetia and Vetrix remain unresolved. High similarity of the plastid and nuclear genomes revealed in the majority of Salix species included in the analysis may indicate that they have relatively recently diverged from a common ancestor or there is a result of lineage sorting through hybridization.

Баркалов В.Ю., Козыренко М.М. Филогенетический анализ дальневосточных Salix (Salicaceae), основанный на данных секвенирования регионов хлоропластной ДНК и ITS ядерной рибосомной ДНК. С целью дальнейшего выяснения взаимоотношений в роде Salix проведен филогенетический анализ на основе сравнения нуклеотидных последовательностей регионов хлоропластной ДНК (petG-trnP, petN-psbM, psaA-ycf3, psbM-trnD, rpoB-trnC, trnC-petN, trnD-trnT, trnS-psbZ, rbcL, matK ) и ITS региона (ITS1-5.8S rRNA-ITS2) ядерной рибосомной ДНК 86 видов Salix из трёх подродов: Salix, Chamaetia, Vetrix и 27 секций, а также Chosenia arbutifolia. Дивергенция видов внутри рода Salix по данным ITS и хпDNA была очень низкой, у большинства видов из подродов Chamaetia и Vetrix последовательности различались несколькими заменами или были идентичны. Молекулярные различия выявлены главным образом у видов, принадлежащих подроду Salix в прежнем широком его понимании. ITS-филогения согласуется, в основном, с современными классификационными схемами рода Salix на уровне подродов: хорошо поддерживает выделение подродов Pleuradenia, Chosenia, Salix (за исключением sect. Triandrae), Longifoliae, но не поддерживает выделение подродов Protitea и Chamaetia. Взаимоотношения подродов Chamaetia и Vetrix остаются не разрешенными. Высокое сходство пластидного и ядерного геномов, выявленное у большинства включенных в анализ видов Salix, может указывать на их относительно недавнюю дивергенцию от общего предка или на пересечение генеалогических линий через гибридизацию.

Keywords: chloroplast DNA, ITS, phylogenetic analysis, Salicaceae, Salix, хлоропластная ДНК, филогенетический анализ

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